Measurable by 2h
Measurable uptake appears by 2h.
Non-covalent route starts earlier and reaches 5.21% at 12h.
NOVA
More efficient delivery, more visible efficacy, and greater safety confidence
100μm
Max depth
Measurable uptake appears by 2h.
12h permeability reaches 5.21%.
Better suited for early scalp screening.
NOVA
Human skin penetration study results
Results generated from human skin studies, with data captured using Raman spectroscopy-based research instruments.
12h permeability 5.21%, depth 100μm.

Study snapshots and supporting takeaways

Best non-covalent depth reaches 100μm.

Case slide supports spray, gel, and serum use.
From partner companies

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Brightening Serum

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Radiance Face Cream

N1 Care
Scalp Nourishing Serum
NOVA